Chapter 177 epoch-making airliner (2)
"Liu, I want to say an unfortunate news. Ventilation is responsible for the research of ge36 turboprop (udf). Although it has successfully reached 12 pounds of thrust, it is a little closer to the minimum thrust we need of 14 pounds, but it is disturbing that there is still no sign of solving the problem of excessive motivation noise."
"We did the test, even if the noise in the middle cabin of the tail crane mode was not acceptable, so we started the backup plan in time to consider making the turbofan motive p75 passenger plane engine" and "novel chapter" edmiston waved his data face Se solemnly.
The motive of ge36 propeller fan is that the core engine of the original pre-installed power engine of p75 passenger plane comes from f44, a medium thrust engine of f/a1 fighter equipped by the US Navy.
Influenced by the oil crisis in the 1970s, in the 10th century, global aviation power companies developed a new type of aero-engine. Among them, kěnéng was the turbofan engine (udf)-shijian, a large-scale aerospace power group. The turbofan engine Rolls-Royce rb311, Pratt & Whitney and Allison jointly developed 57d, and Tongge ge36, and the Soviet Union d27 were all among the first ones.
The principle of turbofan motor is very simple, that is, a turbofan motor with external bypass is removed. Because the external bypass is almost limited to enlarge, the turbofan motor has extremely low fuel consumption and good propulsion, which ensures that it saves about 3% less fuel when cruising at Mach 7 than the contemporary turbofan motor.
However, in the 1910 s, the turbofan motor had two difficult weaknesses. One was the limited computer capacity at that time, and the fan blade jinhang was analyzed and optimized. The noise problem of the turbofan motor blade was finally solved. The other was that the turbofan rotating at nearly 10,000 revolutions per minute was directly exposed and the flight safety problem was very serious.
By the end of the decade and the beginning of the 1990s, a new generation of turbofan motor made a technological breakthrough, and this new type of aero-engine which is very fuel-efficient was shelved by most industrial groups, and finally the d27 turbofan motor of the Soviet Union was officially installed and put into use.
Liang Yuan made the reason why the ingbaip75 power system suddenly became a turbofan motive.
After listening to edmiston, Liu Wenyue said that his face was calm and calm, but Liang Yuan was keenly aware that Jiang Qingmin, the leader of p75 project team, was embarrassed and Se passed.
Liang Yuan turned his eyes and said that Liu should make a good investigation. It seems that the seventh and tenth people in the project team and the German guani are quite complicated.
After listening to a few words of Ed Miston and Liu Wenyue talking about the difference between turbofan motivation and paddle fan motivation, Liang Yuan paid attention to the information in his hand.
In the eyes of ordinary people, the technical level of large passenger aircraft can be most intuitively reflected, and there is the simplest data composite material ratio.
Generally speaking, the higher the proportion of composite materials, the more advanced the technical level of passenger aircraft platform. For example, the proportion of composite materials for arj217 passenger aircraft developed by the Republic in the new century is 2%, which is equivalent to the level of composite materials abroad in the 1970 s
The composite materials of Boeing 77 and passenger 35, which represent the first-class standard of shijiè, have both exceeded 5%. However, before Liang Yuan wore a35 and entered the service, b77 suffered from continuous problems due to excessive use of composite materials. It can be said that kěnéng was grounded by the Federal Aviation Administration and the National Transportation Commission of the United States, and the technology of large passenger aircraft with 5% composite materials has temporarily matured éiyu.
Except for these two extreme advanced examples, a large passenger plane composite material makes the proportion reach 15%, which can definitely be classified into the advanced ranks. At the end of 1990s, Boeing developed b777 wide-body passenger plane composite material to make the proportion reach 11%, while a32, a33 and a34 composite materials make the proportion around 15%. Even the epoch-making a3 jumbo passenger plane composite material proportion is only 22%.
Due to the early exhibition age, the composite material level of single-aisle narrow-body passenger aircraft should be far lower than that of large-scale wide-body passenger aircraft. The composite material ratio of second-generation Boeing 7373, 4, 5 trains, McDonnell Douglas and 9 trains is about 5%, and the composite material ratio of third-generation Boeing 7377, 9 and other models will never be close to 2% in the future.
Liang Yuan gaped at the data in his hand. The composite material of p75 passenger plane made the schematic diagram and the final proportion. If the two people had excellent self-control ability, Liang Yuan would have jumped up on the table.
The history of composite large passenger aircraft can be roughly divided into four stages. In the first stage, composite materials entered the field of civil aircraft on a large scale in the 1970 s. Composite materials typically made parts of some passenger aircraft with little stress like leading edge, inspection cover, fairing and spoiler.
Comac arj217 composite material makes the leveling base at this stage.
The second-stage composite materials typically make some parts of passenger aircraft with less stress similar to elevators, rudders, flaps, ailerons and other parts.
Boeing’s second generation 7372, 3 and 4 bases are all at this level.
In the third stage, composite materials typically make some parts of passenger aircraft with large stress similar to horizontal tail, vertical tail and nacelle.
The a32 base is at this level, so it can be said that a32 can achieve great success in the second generation of Boeing 737. Besides the national will, the leading platform technology also has considerable factors.
After the rise of a32, Boeing made the third generation 7376, 7, and other models to bring the technical level up to a32.
The fourth-stage composite materials typically make some main load-bearing parts of passenger aircraft similar to the main load-bearing parts of passenger aircraft such as fuselage and wing.
Like a3, a35 and Boeing 77, yijing has achieved the composite material, which makes the fourth stage more extreme.
P75 regional aircraft made the wing, vertical tail, hatch and other parts reach 2% of the weight of the aircraft structure in a large area. Liang Yuanli blinked at the words in front of him.
No wonder this cargo Rado ran far away. Liang Yuan’s nails pressed a ziji palm to confirm zijiéiyu’s dizziness.
Don’t look at the exhibition history of large passenger aircraft in the next three years. Liang Yuan knows that ziji’s memory, together with the passenger and Boeing’s exhibition plan 22 years ago, is considered as an enemy in the field of short-haul narrow-body passenger aircraft in terms of advanced platform ing. No wonder the Germans wrote that even if they enter the new century, the p75 passenger aircraft will still be the technical leader in regional aircraft.
Liang Yuan thought about newspapers and magazines. France and yijing of the Federal Republic of Germany continued to build a second passenger production line in Hamburg for several years. He thought about the b/rr motive manufacturing company that was just established a few days ago. The Federal German newspaper announced with great fanfare that BMW and Rolls-Royce would jointly exhibit 69knrb7 turbofan motives.
In the tenth century, the economic strength rose sharply. How can the Hans in Germany build the a32 aircraft tail with peace of mind like the current Republic? The French have repeatedly rejected the request of the Federal Republic of Germany to add production lines in order to safeguard the leading position of the ziji delegation and the jobs in the country.
Think about the news of the merger between bb Company and Mercedes-Benz Aerospace. It’s really a big game of chess in the Federal Republic of Germany.
Now the consequences have come out. This p75 plan is obviously aimed at a32. It seems that the Germans are ready to go it alone. Otherwise, they would never have set the p75 index so advanced. Liang Yuan thought about the countless bad debts in European countries and almost laughed. ziji really picked up a big bargain to be continued …
Chapter 17 epoch-making airliner (3)
For example, there are always good people and bad people in shijiè yiyang, who is engaged in political career, and there are also politicians and politicians.
Is it the French President Charles de Gaulle, the Federal Foreign Minister Gerhard of Germany? Schroeder (note 1) and a large number of far-sighted politicians vigorously promoted the establishment of China Bus Company in the late 1960 s and its formal operation in the early 1970 s, taking the first step of dominating the company all the time.
However, due to historical and practical reasons, before the merger of Boeing and McDonnell Douglas, China Bus Company was not a complete company with strong execution ability, but adopted a novel chapter similar to the organizational structure of trade associations.
This organizational structure has led to the unsatisfactory operation of the bus, and various disputes have arisen in all walks of life of member enterprises, which is even more common. It is said that the British Empire once withdrew from the passengers, but after the sale of a32, the British brazenly ran back.
When the a3 wide-body passenger plane made by passenger was generally recognized by airlines, the planning of one-step passenger exhibition between the Federal Republic of Germany and France exploded a very serious conflict.
The Federal Republic of Germany devotes itself to the a3 basic exhibition, and tries to restore the leading position of the German ball navigation industry in those years, while France is actually doing its best to research the a32 with the same passenger capacity as Boeing 737. At that time, Boeing was arrogant and enterprising, and entered the narrow-body medium and short-haul passenger aircraft, which was technically difficult and profitable. As a result, the two countries had such a big fight about this issue that the bus almost broke up at that time.
Finally, France and Britain, with the leading position, finally forced the Federal Republic of Germany to accept ziji’s a32 narrow-body passenger plane plan.
In July, 1979, China Bus announced that the a32 passenger plane scheme was officially launched in March, 1992, and the development plan could be equipped with f565 or v25. In February, 1997, 22RIFei obtained the airworthiness certificate and delivered it to Air France in March, 1999.
As an a32 passenger plane, the a32 project of the Federal Republic of Germany, a joint member country, owned 37% of the profits, but Lufthansa, the largest airline in Europe, didn’t even start the a32 project. This shows how much resentment the Federal Republic of Germany had at that time.
Because of the good reputation of a3 wide-body passenger aircraft, advertising and the advanced platform of a32 passenger aircraft, the sales of a32 have been smooth. After the delivery of a32 in 19 years, the bus received the order of a32, and yijing passed 35 planes, which means that yijing of a32 project has crossed the breakeven point of the project.
Although it is said that yijing signed a series of political and economic agreements between Germany and Germany after the war, which prompted the two countries to throw away the burden of war and start a new history, where can the centuries-old grievances between the two peoples be settled?
In the face of this rare opportunity to hit the face, the French media was as excited as chicken blood. From the moment when the order of passenger a32 approached the breakeven point, it was cynical that ? éiyu broke the French newspaper Gallo, and even claimed that after ri, the Federal Republic of Germany should build the tail and fuselage of the plane, so it would be better to stay out of the future planning of the bus.
How can the Federal German media just be beaten and not strike back? Although its own a32 project is indefensible, the Federal German media turned over the French Concorde.
The Pictorial of the Federal Republic of Germany once wrote in a sarcastic tone that the most commendable business ability of the French is to sell the Concorde for one franc, which seems a little cheap. Sorry, it should be added by one pound.
The joint development of Concorde by Britain and France is a great engineering miracle, and it is also a black hole of economic losses. ZHENGFU in Britain and France has suffered greatly from this project. After the oil crisis in shijiè, éiyu Airlines is willing to operate the Concorde, which symbolizes that ZHENGFU in Britain and France will be sold to the airlines of their respective countries, Air France and British Airways for one franc and one pound.
This incident is definitely the deepest scar of the aviation industry of Britain and France. It is hard to say that Boeing and McDonnell Douglas would never grow up so easily if the Concorde aircraft of Britain and France spent too much resources.
At that time, I didn’t expect to enter the aviation industry. Liang Yuan laughed at the news of Pictorial, and it was worthy of moving twice. The German nation was naturally expected to casually pull the British into the water.
Although the former media of the two countries were in a state of chaos, the Federal Republic of Germany could not watch the French people munch on meat. At the beginning of the early years, the Federal Republic of Germany set up a second a32 passenger plane production line in Hamburg, demanding how many jobs this guani would have in China, which in turn affected the election event. French zhèngfu refused the Federal Republic of Germany proposal without thinking.
Over the past two years, this a32 production line has been the focus of struggle in the diplomatic media aviation industry of France and the Federal Republic of Germany.
In fact, it was not until the merger of McDonnell Douglas by Boeing in the late 1990s that the whole European civil aviation industry realized that the second a32 production line in Hamburg was really established if Boeing did not hold a group to keep warm.
There are still many years before Boeing merged McDonnell Douglas. yijing, the Federal Republic of Germany, realized that ziji couldn’t get more from the a32 project, so it was very rngyi who understood things.
At this time, the guest 164 a32 has just been delivered for more than half a year. After ri, the guest 134 a319 and the guest 117 a31 are even more important things for the film capital.
However, it’s always hard for the bus company and the Federal Republic of Germany to undermine the European consensus. Another narrow-body trunk airliner turned out that the p75 was the best in the Federal Republic of Germany with the spur line and the trunk line.
If the Federal Republic of Germany really wants regional aircraft to spend 400-500 million US dollars on the 2+2 seat layout and tail-mounted motor suspension adopted by the two major regional airlines, Bombardier rj and Brazilian industrial company erj, it is the best choice to save money.